Actions against the law or in Dutch called Onrechtmatige Dead in civil law are any acts that violate the law and bring harm to others, obliging the person who incurred the loss due to his mistake to compensate for the loss.
The state of Indonesia is a democratic country where the power of the ruler is controlled by the people or organizations that represent society with various legal mechanisms so that abuse or arbitrariness does not occur. One of the available mechanisms is by filing a lawsuit in court. There are three ways to sue PMH which have become a trend lately in the development of national law, namely the citizen or citizen law suit (CLS), the representative or class action lawsuit and finally the organizational lawsuit or legal standing. The three concepts are known in countries that adhere to the Common Law system which are then practiced in Indonesian law.
Elements of Counteracting There is an act There is an act / action that is done by someone whether the act is done intentionally or unintentionally. Actions that are done violate the law Actions against the law are not only acts that are against the law, but also violate the subjective rights of others, contrary to the morals and norms that live in society. For example, your neighbor who parked his car in front of the fence of your house makes you feel uncomfortable and makes it difficult for you to travel. There was an error This error can be caused on purpose or because of negligence. Deliberate, for example, is an awareness that normal people know that their actions will harm others. Meanwhile, negligence means the act of neglecting something that should be done or not being careful or thorough, causing harm to others. There are losses incurred Losses are divided into two, material and immaterial losses, material losses for example loss of goods, while immaterial losses such as damage to goods make you disappointed, regret it, or you cannot work because of it. There is a causal relationship between loss and action Causal relationship means that there is a causal relationship between what is done and the effect that arises. For example, for example, your neighbor cuts down trees around his yard which borders your house, the result of logging causes your house’s fence to be damaged and destroyed, it means that there is a loss caused by your neighbor’s actions or in other words, your fence will not be damaged if the neighbor you don’t cut the tree
